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通讯作者:

王荫龙,E-mail:herni616@126.com

中图分类号:R656.2

文献标识码:A

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1007-6948.2024.02.024

参考文献 1
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参考文献 5
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参考文献 7
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参考文献 8
李绍春,黄磊,蔡昭,等.高龄病人腹外嵌顿疝合并肠坏死的诊疗体会[J].外科理论与实践,2019,24(4):356-358.
参考文献 9
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参考文献 11
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参考文献 12
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参考文献 13
Nielsen C,Lindholt JS,Erlandsen EJ,et al.D-lactate as a marker of venous-induced intestinal ischemia:an experimental study in pigs[J].Int J Surg,2011,9(5):428-432.
参考文献 14
Treskes N,Persoon AM,van Zanten ARH.Diagnostic accuracy of novel serological biomarkers to detect acute mesenteric ischemia:a systematic review and meta-analysis[J].Intern Emerg Med,2017,12(6):821-836.
参考文献 15
宋弢,沈平,王西墨.急性肠系膜血管缺血性疾病诊断的Meta分析[J].中国中西医结合外科杂志,2016,22(3):219-223.
参考文献 16
Niewold TA,Meinen M,van der Meulen J.Plasma intestinal fatty acid binding protein(I-FABP)concentrations increase following intestinal ischemia in pigs[J].Res Vet Sci,2004,77(1):89-91.
参考文献 17
Thuijls G,van Wijck K,Grootjans J,et al.Early diagnosis of intestinal ischemia using urinary and plasma fatty acid binding proteins[J].Ann Surg,2011,253(2):303-308.
参考文献 18
Ding CM,Wu YH,Liu XF.Diagnostic accuracy of intestinal fatty acid binding protein for acute intestinal ischemia:a systematic review and Meta-analysis[J].Clin Lab,2020,66(6).DOI:10.7754/Clin.Lab.2019.191139.
参考文献 19
Shi H,Wu BY,Wan J,et al.The role of serum intestinal fatty acid binding protein levels and D-lactate levels in the diagnosis of acute intestinal ischemia[J].Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol,2015,39(3):373-378.
参考文献 20
Kanda T,Tsukahara A,Ueki K,et al.Diagnosis of ischemic small bowel disease by measurement of serum intestinal fatty acid-binding protein in patients with acute abdomen:a multicenter,observer-blinded validation study[J].J Gastroenterol,2011,46(4):492-500.
目录contents

    摘要

    目的:探讨肠脂肪酸结合蛋白(I-FABP)和D-乳酸(D-LAC)早期诊断嵌顿疝肠坏死的价值。方法:选取36只SD大鼠,实验组(n=18)制作嵌顿疝动物模型,对照组(n=18)未制作。在术后30 min、2 h、4 h、6 h、8 h和12 h,采用ELISA检测两组血清D-LAC和I-FABP的水平;RT-qPCR鉴定嵌顿疝肠管组织中I-FABP的表达。通过嵌顿肠管大体标本、苏木素伊红(HE)染色和Chiu’s评分判定肠坏死情况。结果:与对照组相比,实验组在术后6 h时嵌顿肠管大体标本和HE染色呈典型肠绞窄表现,Chiu’s评分有统计学意义(P=0.001),血D-LAC明显升高(P=0.002);8 h时肠管逐渐向肠坏死过渡,血D-LAC进一步升高(P=0.012),血I-FABP也明显升高(P=0.001),并且肠组织中的I-FABP表达明显升高(P=0.002)。12 h时肠管呈现明显肠坏死特征、Chiu’s评分有统计学意义(P=0.001),血D-LAC和I-FABP均升至最高[(2019.60±16.17)μg/L vs (273.18±14.63)μg/L,P=0.001;(1210.94±5.96)μg/L vs (220.46±9.63)μg/L,P=0.001];肠管组织中的I-FABP表达最高[(8.20±0.60)μg/L vs (1.13±0.16)μg/L,P=0.001]。结论:嵌顿疝大鼠血清I-FABP和D-LAC水平升高,为早期诊断嵌顿疝肠管坏死的临床研究提供了依据。

    Abstract

    Objective To investigate the role of intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP) and D-lactate(D-LAC) in the diagnosis of intestinal necrosis in incarcerated hernia. Methods Sprague Dawley rats were used for incarcerated hernia model, and then divided into control group (n=18) and experimental group (n=18). At 30 min, 2 h, 4 h, 6 h, 8 h and 12 h after operation, the levels of D-LAC and I-FABP in peripheral blood of the two groups were detected by ELISA. RT-qPCR was used to identify the expression of I-FABP in the intestinal tissue of incarcerated hernia. Intestinal necrosis was determined by gross specimen, HE staining and Chiu's score. Results Compared with the control group, the experimental group showed typical intestinal strangulation at 6 h after operation, Chiu's score was statistically significant (P=0.001), and the serum D-LAC level was significantly increased (P=0.002). At 8 h, the intestine gradually became necrotic, and the serum D-LAC level was further increased (P=0.012), the serum I-FABP level was also significantly increased (P=0.001), and the expression of I-FABP in intestinal tissue was significantly increased (P=0.002). At 12 h, the intestine showed obvious characteristics of intestinal necrosis, Chiu's score was statistically significant (P=0.001), and the serum D-LAC and I-FABP increased to the highest level [(2019.60±16.17)μg/L vs (273.18±14.63)μg/L, P=0.001; (1210.94±5.96)μg/L vs (220.46±9.63)μg/L, P=0.001]. The expression of I-FABP in intestinal tissue was the highest [(8.20±0.60)μg/L vs (1.13±0.16)μg/L, P=0.001]. Conclusion The increased serum levels of I-FABP and D-LAC provide clinical evidence for the early diagnosis of intestinal necrosis in incarcerated hernia.

  • 嵌顿性腹壁疝是常见的外科急腹症,约5%~15%的腹壁疝患者会发生嵌顿,其中嵌顿性腹股沟疝(incarcerated groin hernia,IGH)是最常见的类型之一。当嵌顿疝内容物为肠管时,可导致肠绞窄、进行性肠坏死。研究发现,约15%的IGH因进行性肠坏死需要行肠切除术;肠坏死患者住院时间明显延长,术后并发症发生率高达6%~43%,死亡率达1%~7%[1-2]。因此,早期识别肠坏死风险并及时进行手术治疗对于嵌顿疝患者的预后至关重要。研究发现,D-乳酸(D-lactic acid,D-LAC)和肠脂肪酸结合蛋白(intestinal fatty acid binding protein,I-FABP)诊断急性肠缺血的特异性和敏感性高,是早期诊断急性肠缺血最有前景的潜在标志物[3]。然而对于不同病因导致的急性肠缺血性疾病,D-LAC和I-FABP的诊断准确性仍有争议[4]。D-LAC和I-FABP能否应用于IGH的早期诊断并作为嵌顿疝肠管缺血或坏死的早期标志物,目前的研究仍然较少。本研究拟通过嵌顿疝动物模型,探讨D-LAC和I-FABP早期识别嵌顿疝肠坏死的应用价值。

  • 1 材料与方法

  • 1.1 动物及试剂

  • 6~8周龄健康雄性Sprague Dawley(SD)大鼠36只,体质量250~300 g,购自济南朋悦实验动物繁育有限公司。D-LAC和I-FABP酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)试剂盒(泉州市九邦生物科技有限公司);RNA提取试剂Trizol(Invitrogen公司)和实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(RT-qPCR)试剂盒(SYBR Green,Sigma-aldrich公司)。

  • 1.2 大鼠嵌顿疝模型制作

  • SD大鼠禁食12 h,采用2%戊巴比妥钠(50 mg/kg)腹腔注射麻醉。麻醉成功后,采用8%硫化钠行腹壁脱毛、0.5%碘伏消毒皮肤。将SD大鼠随机分为对照组和实验组,每组18只。实验组:取下腹正中切口长约3 cm,将距回盲瓣2 cm的末端回肠牵拉出,作为待嵌顿肠管,标记并测量待嵌顿部位肠管直径(d)。参照文献[5]并改进嵌顿疝模型:腹壁肌层切口制作人工疝环,疝环直径(D)=0.8×d;将待嵌入肠管经疝环牵出,嵌入肠管长度为8 d;用4-0丝线缝合除人工疝环外的腹壁肌层;游离皮肤与腹壁肌层间隙,将嵌入肠管留置于皮下腔隙内,4-0丝线连续缝合皮肤并确保皮肤缝合后对嵌入肠管无压迫。对照组:下腹正中切口长约3 cm,将距回盲瓣2 cm的末端回肠牵拉出直接置于皮下间隙(嵌入肠管长度同实验组),然后缝合关闭皮肤。观察术后大鼠存活情况,伤口局部感染情况、腹部体征及全身表现情况。

  • 1.3 ELISA法检测血清D-LAC和I-FABP水平

  • 在术后30 min、2 h、4 h、6 h、8 h和12 h,分别从两组中随机选取3只大鼠,自眼眶取血0.5 mL,离心取血清,采用ELISA试剂盒检测血清中I-FABP、D-LAC水平的变化。

  • 1.4 RT-qPCR法测定I-FABP的表达水平

  • 在术后30 min、2 h、4 h、6 h、8 h和12 h,取两组嵌顿肠管组织,用Trizol提取总RNA,采用逆转录试剂盒将RNA逆转录为cDNA,应用SYBR Green法进行RT-qPCR,参照说明书,检测各时间点两组嵌顿肠管组织中I-FABP的表达水平。

  • 1.5 嵌顿肠管病理学检测及评分

  • 在术后30 min、2 h、4 h、6 h、8 h和12 h,取两组嵌顿肠管组织,观察嵌顿肠管形态学变化;苏木素伊红(hematoxylin,HE)染色观察肠管病理学变化,采用Chiu’s病理评分标准评价小肠损伤情况[6]

  • 1.6 统计学分析

  • 数据采用SPSS 20.0统计软件进行分析,数据采用x-±s表示,比较采用单因素方差分析或t检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。

  • 2 结果

  • 2.1 两组大鼠肠管大体标本观察

  • 实验组嵌顿肠管,术后30 min和2 h肠管颜色无明显变化,肠蠕动明显;4 h时,部分肠管及肠系膜水肿并出血点形成,肠蠕动减弱;6 h时,肠管颜色呈灰色与未嵌顿腹腔内肠管相比色差明显,经外界刺激后可见部分肠蠕动;8 h时,嵌顿肠管颜色成深灰色可见出血点,肠管及系膜水肿及渗出明显,刺激后肠蠕动不明显;12 h时,嵌顿肠管颜色进一步加深,对外界刺激无反应,肠壁水肿并张力增高,肠系膜内无动脉搏动。因此推断,术后6 h时,嵌顿肠管血运障碍明显呈典型肠绞窄表现;8 h时嵌顿肠管逐渐向肠坏死过度;12 h时呈现明显肠坏死特征,见图1。对照组所有大鼠在实验过程中,皮下间隙内的肠管颜色、肠壁及系膜水肿、肠蠕动情况等均与腹腔内正常肠管无明显差异。这说明成功建立了大鼠嵌顿疝模型,并可用该模型进行后续实验。

  • 2.2 血清D-LAC和I-FABP水平变化

  • 在术后6个时间点,对照组血清D-LAC和I-FABP水平无明显变化;而实验组呈逐渐升高趋势,术后6 h时D-LAC开始明显升高,术后8 h时I-FABP开始明显升高。在术后6 h、8 h和12 h,实验组血清D-LAC高于对照组,差异有统计学意义[(514.35±4.62) μg/L vs(267.73±2.31)μg/L,P=0.002;(937.34±11.55)μg/L vs(276.99±33.88)μg/L,P=0.012;(2019.60±16.17)μg/L vs(273.18±14.63)μg/L,P=0.001)]。在术后8 h和12 h,实验组血清I-FABP高于对照组,差异有统计学意义[(555.49±2.75)μg/L vs(220.14±0.92)μg/L,P=0.001;(1210.94±5.96)μg/L vs(220.46±9.63)μg/L,P=0.001]。见图2。

  • 图1 实验组嵌顿肠管不同时间的肉眼观察

  • 图2 两组不同时间血清D-LAC和I-FABP水平变化

  • 2.3 RT-qPCR测定I-FABP的表达

  • 在术后6个时间点,对照组I-FABP的表达无明显变化;而实验组则逐渐呈升高趋势,在8 h和12 h时表达最高。在术后2、4、6、8、12 h,实验组I-FABP高于对照组,差异有统计学意义[(2.05±0.79)μg/L vs(0.93±0.20)μg/L,P=0.001;(5.51±0.35)μg/L vs(1.00±0.13)μg/L,P=0.002;(5.99±0.15)μg/L vs(1.04±0.16)μg/L,P=0.001;(8.20±0.60)μg/L vs(0.97±0.55)μg/L,P=0.002;(8.20±0.60)μg/L vs(1.13±0.16)μg/L,P=0.001]。见图3。

  • 图3 两组不同时间I-FABP的表达水平比较

  • 2.4 嵌顿肠管病理学检测

  • 术后4 h、6 h、8 h和12 h,实验组大鼠肠管Chiu’s病理评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(3.00±1.00 vs 0.67±0.58,P=0.036;3.67±0.58 vs 0.67±0.58,P=0.003;4.33±0.58 vs 0.67±0.58,P=0.001;4.67±0.58 vs 1.33±0.58,P=0.002,图4)。HE染色显示,在术后6 h时,实验组部分大鼠嵌顿肠管开始出现肠黏膜上皮细胞层变性坏死、脱落,部分绒毛脱落,毛细血管扩张充血(图5A);术后12 h,实验组大鼠嵌顿肠管出现绒毛脱落、固有层裸露或崩解,出血或溃疡形成(图5B)。对照组大鼠肠管在术后各时间点HE染色则表现为绒毛正常或仅有毛细血管充血。

  • 图4 术后各时间点两组Chiu’s肠组织病理评分

  • 图5 两组嵌顿肠管术后HE染色

  • 3 讨论

  • 嵌顿疝常伴有肠梗阻和潜在的肠绞窄、坏死等严重并发症。尤其在老年患者,嵌顿时间、腹部症状及体征往往不能准确反映肠管的病理变化。中医学理论中,气滞血瘀型是绞窄性肠梗阻或肠坏死的中医证型[7]。但当患者出现典型的腹部体征、影像学表现及中医证型时,嵌顿肠管已处于不可逆的缺血改变,错过最佳治疗时机[8]。诊疗的延误是导致嵌顿疝伴肠坏死高死亡率的重要因素,然而肠坏死的及时诊断仍是疝外科的难题之一,目前临床上尚无有效的早期诊断标准[9]

  • 肌酸激酶(creatine kinase,CK)可作为预测肠梗阻是否发生肠绞窄和坏死的预测指标之一[10]。但是,肠缺血坏死首先从黏膜层开始,而CK位于肠平滑肌中,并且血清CK是否升高与肠管缺血面积、CK释放入腹腔以及门静脉或腹膜吸收和清除速度等因素有关。当绞窄坏死肠管范围小或非闭塞性肠系膜缺血时,血清中CK水平对早期肠坏死和缺血的敏感性较低[11]。本研究中嵌顿肠管长度仅4~5 cm左右,因此本研究未选取血CK作为研究指标。

  • 在本实验嵌顿疝模型中,肠管在嵌顿6 h时出现了血运障碍、肠黏膜上皮坏死,血D-LAC水平升高;嵌顿8 h时肠管逐渐开始呈坏死表现,血D-LAC继续升高;12 h时嵌顿肠管呈典型坏死表现,血D-LAC水平达最高。D-LAC是肠道固有细菌发酵产生的代谢终产物,当肠黏膜通透性增加、肠黏膜屏障功能下降时,可进入血液循环,并在肝内不分解。Murray等[12]在大鼠绞窄性肠梗阻和肠缺血模型中证实了血D-LAC升高有助于诊断急性肠缺血。Nielsen等[13]在急性猪肠缺血模型中也证实了上述情况。Meta分析发现D-乳酸诊断急性肠系膜缺血的灵敏度和特异度分别为71.7%和74.2%[14-15]

  • I-FABP是肠上皮细胞分泌的一种水溶性蛋白质,主要位于小肠黏膜层。当发生肠黏膜缺血时I-FABP可释放入血,因此I-FABP有助于早期诊断肠缺血的发生[16]。由于I-FABP入血后可被肾脏代谢清除,研究发现,尿I-FABP诊断早期肠系膜缺血的灵敏度和特异度分别为90%和89%[17];血I-FABP在急性肠系膜缺血诊断的灵敏性和特异度分别为75%和85%[1518]。本研究发现,嵌顿肠管在2 h时,已发现I-FABP明显表达;但是直到8 h肠管开始呈坏死表现时,才能检测到比对照组更高水平的I-FABP。原因可能是当肠缺血早期或坏死局限于黏膜下层时,I-FABP释放入血量少,并且I-FABP入血后被肾脏清除。

  • 目前,关于D-LAC和I-FABP诊断急性肠缺血疾病的临床研究报道,纳入了各种不同的急腹症,如急性肠系膜动脉或静脉栓塞、单纯性或绞窄性肠梗阻、缺血性肠炎等[41418]。因此,疾病的异质性和研究病例数少等因素导致上述临床研究结果仍有争议。Shi等[19]的研究中纳入了29例绞窄性肠梗阻,Kanda等[20]的研究中纳入了30例绞窄性肠梗阻和15例嵌顿疝,两项研究均发现D-LAC和I-FABP可作为诊断急性肠缺血的有效指标。嵌顿疝的临床进程是单纯性肠梗阻向绞窄性肠梗阻、肠坏死过渡的病理过程。本研究结果也表明,血清D-LAC和I-FABP的水平变化与嵌顿肠管的病理表现一致。

  • 综上所述,血D-LAC和I-FABP水平升高对早期诊断嵌顿疝发生肠坏死提供了临床研究的依据。关于D-LAC、I-FABP等血清标志物在诊断嵌顿疝肠坏死中的临床研究,将有助于外科医生的临床决策,改善嵌顿疝患者的预后。

  • 参考文献

    • [1] Chen P,Huang LB,Yang WM,et al.Risk factors for bowel resection among patients with incarcerated groin hernias:a meta-analysis[J].Am J Emerg Med,2020,38(2):376-383.

    • [2] Dai W,Chen Z,Zuo J,et al.Risk factors of postoperative complications after emergency repair of incarcerated groin hernia for adult patients:a retrospective cohort study[J].Hernia,2019,23(2):267-276.

    • [3] Montagnana M,Danese E,Lippi G.Biochemical markers of acute intestinal ischemia:possibilities and limitations[J].Ann Transl Med,2018,6(17):341.

    • [4] Nuzzo A,Guedj K,Curac S,et al.Accuracy of citrulline,I-FABP and D-lactate in the diagnosis of acute mesenteric ischemia[J].Sci Rep,2021,11(1):18929.

    • [5] Chen Y,Qin CF,Wang GH,et al.Contribution of heparin to recovery of incarcerated intestine in a rat incarcerated hernia model[J].Hernia,2019,23(6):1155-1161.

    • [6] 庞昌季,谭芳,郑磊,等.糖尿病合并脓毒症小鼠肠损伤特点[J].中山大学学报(医学科学版),2021,42(4):513-520.

    • [7] 张耀辉,缪志伟,王晓瑜,等.肠梗阻的中医症候特点与多层螺旋CT影像学征象[J].影像研究与医学应用,2022,6(23):145-147.

    • [8] 李绍春,黄磊,蔡昭,等.高龄病人腹外嵌顿疝合并肠坏死的诊疗体会[J].外科理论与实践,2019,24(4):356-358.

    • [9] De Simone B,Birindelli A,Ansaloni L,et al.Emergency repair of complicated abdominal wall hernias:WSES guidelines[J].Hernia,2020,24(2):359-368.

    • [10] Chen WL,Xiao JH,Yan JL,et al.Analysis of the predictors of surgical treatment and intestinal necrosis in children with intestinal obstruction[J].J Pediatr Surg,2020,55(12):2766-2771.

    • [11] Matsumoto S,Shiraishi A,Kojima M,et al.Comparison of diagnostic accuracy for nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia in models with biomarkers including intestinal fatty acid-binding protein in addition to clinical findings[J].J Trauma Acute Care Surg,2019,86(2):220-225.

    • [12] Murray MJ,Barbose JJ,Cobb CF.Serum D(-)-lactate levels as a predictor of acute intestinal ischemia in a rat model[J].J Surg Res,1993,54(5):507-509.

    • [13] Nielsen C,Lindholt JS,Erlandsen EJ,et al.D-lactate as a marker of venous-induced intestinal ischemia:an experimental study in pigs[J].Int J Surg,2011,9(5):428-432.

    • [14] Treskes N,Persoon AM,van Zanten ARH.Diagnostic accuracy of novel serological biomarkers to detect acute mesenteric ischemia:a systematic review and meta-analysis[J].Intern Emerg Med,2017,12(6):821-836.

    • [15] 宋弢,沈平,王西墨.急性肠系膜血管缺血性疾病诊断的Meta分析[J].中国中西医结合外科杂志,2016,22(3):219-223.

    • [16] Niewold TA,Meinen M,van der Meulen J.Plasma intestinal fatty acid binding protein(I-FABP)concentrations increase following intestinal ischemia in pigs[J].Res Vet Sci,2004,77(1):89-91.

    • [17] Thuijls G,van Wijck K,Grootjans J,et al.Early diagnosis of intestinal ischemia using urinary and plasma fatty acid binding proteins[J].Ann Surg,2011,253(2):303-308.

    • [18] Ding CM,Wu YH,Liu XF.Diagnostic accuracy of intestinal fatty acid binding protein for acute intestinal ischemia:a systematic review and Meta-analysis[J].Clin Lab,2020,66(6).DOI:10.7754/Clin.Lab.2019.191139.

    • [19] Shi H,Wu BY,Wan J,et al.The role of serum intestinal fatty acid binding protein levels and D-lactate levels in the diagnosis of acute intestinal ischemia[J].Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol,2015,39(3):373-378.

    • [20] Kanda T,Tsukahara A,Ueki K,et al.Diagnosis of ischemic small bowel disease by measurement of serum intestinal fatty acid-binding protein in patients with acute abdomen:a multicenter,observer-blinded validation study[J].J Gastroenterol,2011,46(4):492-500.

图1 实验组嵌顿肠管不同时间的肉眼观察

图2 两组不同时间血清D-LAC和I-FABP水平变化

图3 两组不同时间I-FABP的表达水平比较

图4 术后各时间点两组Chiu’s肠组织病理评分

图5 两组嵌顿肠管术后HE染色

图表 1/1

  • 参考文献

    • [1] Chen P,Huang LB,Yang WM,et al.Risk factors for bowel resection among patients with incarcerated groin hernias:a meta-analysis[J].Am J Emerg Med,2020,38(2):376-383.

    • [2] Dai W,Chen Z,Zuo J,et al.Risk factors of postoperative complications after emergency repair of incarcerated groin hernia for adult patients:a retrospective cohort study[J].Hernia,2019,23(2):267-276.

    • [3] Montagnana M,Danese E,Lippi G.Biochemical markers of acute intestinal ischemia:possibilities and limitations[J].Ann Transl Med,2018,6(17):341.

    • [4] Nuzzo A,Guedj K,Curac S,et al.Accuracy of citrulline,I-FABP and D-lactate in the diagnosis of acute mesenteric ischemia[J].Sci Rep,2021,11(1):18929.

    • [5] Chen Y,Qin CF,Wang GH,et al.Contribution of heparin to recovery of incarcerated intestine in a rat incarcerated hernia model[J].Hernia,2019,23(6):1155-1161.

    • [6] 庞昌季,谭芳,郑磊,等.糖尿病合并脓毒症小鼠肠损伤特点[J].中山大学学报(医学科学版),2021,42(4):513-520.

    • [7] 张耀辉,缪志伟,王晓瑜,等.肠梗阻的中医症候特点与多层螺旋CT影像学征象[J].影像研究与医学应用,2022,6(23):145-147.

    • [8] 李绍春,黄磊,蔡昭,等.高龄病人腹外嵌顿疝合并肠坏死的诊疗体会[J].外科理论与实践,2019,24(4):356-358.

    • [9] De Simone B,Birindelli A,Ansaloni L,et al.Emergency repair of complicated abdominal wall hernias:WSES guidelines[J].Hernia,2020,24(2):359-368.

    • [10] Chen WL,Xiao JH,Yan JL,et al.Analysis of the predictors of surgical treatment and intestinal necrosis in children with intestinal obstruction[J].J Pediatr Surg,2020,55(12):2766-2771.

    • [11] Matsumoto S,Shiraishi A,Kojima M,et al.Comparison of diagnostic accuracy for nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia in models with biomarkers including intestinal fatty acid-binding protein in addition to clinical findings[J].J Trauma Acute Care Surg,2019,86(2):220-225.

    • [12] Murray MJ,Barbose JJ,Cobb CF.Serum D(-)-lactate levels as a predictor of acute intestinal ischemia in a rat model[J].J Surg Res,1993,54(5):507-509.

    • [13] Nielsen C,Lindholt JS,Erlandsen EJ,et al.D-lactate as a marker of venous-induced intestinal ischemia:an experimental study in pigs[J].Int J Surg,2011,9(5):428-432.

    • [14] Treskes N,Persoon AM,van Zanten ARH.Diagnostic accuracy of novel serological biomarkers to detect acute mesenteric ischemia:a systematic review and meta-analysis[J].Intern Emerg Med,2017,12(6):821-836.

    • [15] 宋弢,沈平,王西墨.急性肠系膜血管缺血性疾病诊断的Meta分析[J].中国中西医结合外科杂志,2016,22(3):219-223.

    • [16] Niewold TA,Meinen M,van der Meulen J.Plasma intestinal fatty acid binding protein(I-FABP)concentrations increase following intestinal ischemia in pigs[J].Res Vet Sci,2004,77(1):89-91.

    • [17] Thuijls G,van Wijck K,Grootjans J,et al.Early diagnosis of intestinal ischemia using urinary and plasma fatty acid binding proteins[J].Ann Surg,2011,253(2):303-308.

    • [18] Ding CM,Wu YH,Liu XF.Diagnostic accuracy of intestinal fatty acid binding protein for acute intestinal ischemia:a systematic review and Meta-analysis[J].Clin Lab,2020,66(6).DOI:10.7754/Clin.Lab.2019.191139.

    • [19] Shi H,Wu BY,Wan J,et al.The role of serum intestinal fatty acid binding protein levels and D-lactate levels in the diagnosis of acute intestinal ischemia[J].Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol,2015,39(3):373-378.

    • [20] Kanda T,Tsukahara A,Ueki K,et al.Diagnosis of ischemic small bowel disease by measurement of serum intestinal fatty acid-binding protein in patients with acute abdomen:a multicenter,observer-blinded validation study[J].J Gastroenterol,2011,46(4):492-500.

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